Parameterising wheat leaf and tiller dynamics for faithful reconstruction of wheat plants by structural plant models

Mariem Abichou (1) , Christian Fournier (2, 3) , Tino Dornbusch (1) , Camille Chambon (1) , Benoît de Solan (4, 5) , David Gouache (5) , Bruno Andrieu (1)

1 ECOSYS - Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes
2 LEPSE - Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux
3 VIRTUAL PLANTS - Modeling plant morphogenesis at different scales, from genes to phenotype
4 EMMAH - Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes
5 ARVALIS - Institut du végétal [Paris]

Structural 3D plant models aim at mimicking the dynamics of plant and crop structure based on experimental data. Such models can be interfaced with physical models to investigate plant-environment interactions. This work aimed at defining functions that represent the leaf and tiller development of individual wheat plants, and that could be fitted to the specific traits produced in a broad range of situations. A dataset of the dynamics of wheat plant (Triticum aestivum) architecture was collected for 55 experimental situations, including 11 growing seasons, three sowing densities, three sowing dates, and 13 commercial cultivars. Data were analysed to identify conserved patterns in the dynamics of leaf emergence and of tiller emergence and senescence. The broad range of conditions tested allowed us to evaluate the robustness of relationships proposed in previous studies and to identify novel patterns. Amongst them, we observed: (i) that leaf emergence dynamics may follow either a linear or a bilinear pattern for the same genotype. When a change in phyllochron occurred, it coincided with the initiation of the flag leaf; (ii) the delay between leaf and tiller emergence was not constant, but increased very regularly for successive phytomers; (iii) the number of leaves emerged at tillering cessation decreased with plant density but depended also on the final number of leaves on the main stem (MS) and marked differences existed between cultivars. Finally, we defined functions representing leaf and tiller dynamics with parameters that have a simple botanical interpretation and are easy to derive from field measurements. Assessing plant density, crop leaf stage at 5–6 dates and tiller population at 2 dates during the cycle provide the required data. This study defines a rationale to analyse and represent the dynamics of the architecture of individual wheat plants. The method can be used to determine the dynamics of architecture in 3D models and should be transposable to a wide range of cereal species.

Mots clés: Structural plant model; Architecture; Phyllochron; Phenotype; wheat; three dimensional model; plant architecture

Mots clés: modèle 3d; architecture de la plante; triticum aestivum; croissance foliaire; modèle structure fonction; blé

Domaines: Biologie végétale

Mariem Abichou, Christian Fournier, Tino Dornbusch, Camille Chambon, Benoît de Solan, et al.. Parameterising wheat leaf and tiller dynamics for faithful reconstruction of wheat plants by structural plant models. Field Crops Research, 2018, 218, pp.213-230. ⟨10.1016/j.fcr.2018.01.010⟩. ⟨hal-01708613⟩