Reverse transcriptase genes are highly abundant and transcriptionally active in marine plankton assemblages - Université Pierre et Marie Curie Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue The International Society of Microbiologial Ecology Journal Année : 2015

Reverse transcriptase genes are highly abundant and transcriptionally active in marine plankton assemblages

Magali Lescot
Pascal Hingamp
Alaguraj Veluchamy
Daniele Iudicone
Chris Bowler
Jean-Michel Claverie
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Hiroyuki Ogata
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Résumé

Genes encoding reverse transcriptases (RTs) are found in most eukaryotes, often as a component of retrotransposons, as well as in retroviruses and in prokaryotic retroelements. We investigated the abundance, classification and transcriptional status of RTs based on Tara Oceans marine metagenomes and metatranscriptomes encompassing a wide organism size range. Our analyses revealed that RTs predominate large-size fraction metagenomes (\textgreater5 μm), where they reached a maximum of 13.5% of the total gene abundance. Metagenomic RTs were widely distributed across the phylogeny of known RTs, but many belonged to previously uncharacterized clades. Metatranscriptomic RTs showed distinct abundance patterns across samples compared with metagenomic RTs. The relative abundances of viral and bacterial RTs among identified RT sequences were higher in metatranscriptomes than in metagenomes and these sequences were detected in all metatranscriptome size fractions. Overall, these observations suggest an active proliferation of various RT-assisted elements, which could be involved in genome evolution or adaptive processes of plankton assemblage.
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hal-01258212 , version 1 (19-01-2016)

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Magali Lescot, Pascal Hingamp, Kenji K Kojima, Emilie Villar, Sarah Romac, et al.. Reverse transcriptase genes are highly abundant and transcriptionally active in marine plankton assemblages. The International Society of Microbiologial Ecology Journal, 2015, 10 (5), pp.1134-1146. ⟨10.1038/ismej.2015.192⟩. ⟨hal-01258212⟩
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