Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Fish Oil Lower Anxiety, Improve Cognitive Functions and Reduce Spontaneous Locomotor Activity in a Non-Human Primate - Université Pierre et Marie Curie Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue PLoS ONE Année : 2011

Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Fish Oil Lower Anxiety, Improve Cognitive Functions and Reduce Spontaneous Locomotor Activity in a Non-Human Primate

Résumé

Omega-3 (omega 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are major components of brain cells membranes. omega 3 PUFA-deficient rodents exhibit severe cognitive impairments (learning, memory) that have been linked to alteration of brain glucose utilization or to changes in neurotransmission processes. omega 3 PUFA supplementation has been shown to lower anxiety and to improve several cognitive parameters in rodents, while very few data are available in primates. In humans, little is known about the association between anxiety and omega 3 fatty acids supplementation and data are divergent about their impact on cognitive functions. Therefore, the development of nutritional studies in non-human primates is needed to disclose whether a long-term supplementation with long-chain omega 3 PUFA has an impact on behavioural and cognitive parameters, differently or not from rodents. We address the hypothesis that omega 3 PUFA supplementation could lower anxiety and improve cognitive performances of the Grey Mouse Lemur (Microcebus murinus), a nocturnal Malagasy prosimian primate. Adult male mouse lemurs were fed for 5 months on a control diet or on a diet supplemented with long-chain omega 3 PUFA (n = 6 per group). Behavioural, cognitive and motor performances were measured using an open field test to evaluate anxiety, a circular platform test to evaluate reference spatial memory, a spontaneous locomotor activity monitoring and a sensory-motor test. omega 3-supplemented animals exhibited lower anxiety level compared to control animals, what was accompanied by better performances in a reference spatial memory task (80% of successful trials vs 35% in controls, p < 0.05), while the spontaneous locomotor activity was reduced by 31% in omega 3-supplemented animals (p < 0.001), a parameter that can be linked with lowered anxiety. The long-term dietary omega 3 PUFA supplementation positively impacts on anxiety and cognitive performances in the adult mouse lemur. The supplementation of human food with omega 3 fatty acids may represent a valuable dietary strategy to improve behavioural and cognitive functions.
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mnhn-02291947 , version 1 (29-05-2020)

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Nina Vinot, Mélanie Jouin, Adrien Lhomme-Duchadeuil, Philippe Guesnet, Jean-Marc Alessandri, et al.. Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Fish Oil Lower Anxiety, Improve Cognitive Functions and Reduce Spontaneous Locomotor Activity in a Non-Human Primate. PLoS ONE, 2011, 6 (6), pp.e20491. ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0020491⟩. ⟨mnhn-02291947⟩
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