Effect of a forbidden site on a d -dimensional lattice random walk
Résumé
We study the effect of a single excluded site on the diffusion of a particle undergoing random walk in a d-dimensional lattice. The determination of the characteristic function allows to find explicitly the asymptotical behaviour of physical quantities such as the particle average position (drift) and the mean square deviation. Contrarily to the one-dimensional case, where the average coordinate diverges at infinite times as t**1/2 and where the diffusion constant D is changed due to the impurity, the effects of the latter are shown to be much less important in higher dimensions: for d=842, the position is simply shifted by a constant and the diffusion constant remains unaltered although dynamical corrections (logarithmic for d=2) still occur. Finally, the continuum space version of the model is analyzed; it is shown that d=1 is the lower dimensionality above which all the effects of the forbidden site are irrelevant.